CONDITION 04 · VISUAL STUDY

钩端螺旋体病

leptospirosis

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leptospirosis

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01 / REMEMBER THE NAME

Remember the name

/ˌleptəʊspaɪˈrəʊsɪs/

lepto- 细长；spiro- 螺旋；-osis 病态

Chinese sound mnemonic

lepto“细”＋spiro“旋”→细螺旋；“莱普透”记“趟疫水”。（原发音近似：莱普-透-斯派-肉-西斯）

Mnemonics support recall; use the IPA for pronunciation.

02 / CONNECT THE MECHANISM

Leptospiral systemic infection → endothelial/organ injury → conjunctival suffusion, muscle pain and sometimes renal failure.

After freshwater exposure, a patient has fever, severe calf pain and red eyes.

conjunctival suffusion 结膜充血；calf tenderness 腓肠肌压痛；jaundice 黄疸

03 / CHECK & DISTINGUISH

Important investigations

血液/尿液PCR、血清抗体，肝肾功能

Distinguishing features

与流感比：疫水/啮齿动物暴露、腓肠肌压痛及结膜充血更支持本病。

Red flags & referral

黄疸合并少尿、肺出血、呼吸困难或意识变化提示重症Weil病→急诊。

PRACTISE WHAT YOU LEARN

2 questions

Related foundations: Transmission routes and pathogen foundations

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